A Simple Line-Element Model for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Steady Free Surface Flow through Porous Media

Considering the fact that only pores can transport water, in homogeneous control volume are conceptualized as a three-dimensional orthogonal network of line elements, which is contrast to continuum hypothesis traditional numerical approaches. The related flow velocity, hydraulic conductivity and continuity equation equivalent model formulated based on principle balance. Subsequently, unified form for velocity established local coordinate system, finite line-element method developed, steady free surface reduced one-dimensional form, difficulty greatly decreased. proposed validated by good agreements locations with other methods through rectangular dam right trapezoidal dam, respectively. It found not heavily dependent mesh size penalty parameter. Steady left bank abutment slope Kajiwa Dam Southwestern China further evaluated, parabolic variational inequality algorithm also employed comparison. consistent results indicate capture behavior well continuum-based method. Moreover, rapidly achieve accurate solutions whether simple examples or complicated engineering applications.